What is the role of lactase in the body?

Lactase plays a critical role in the digestion of lactose, which is the sugar found in milk and dairy products. This enzyme is produced in the small intestine and facilitates the breakdown of lactose into two simpler sugars: glucose and galactose. For individuals with sufficient lactase levels, this enzymatic action allows for the proper absorption of these sugars into the bloodstream following the consumption of dairy. Without adequate lactase, lactose remains undigested, leading to symptoms of lactose intolerance, such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea. Thus, the function of lactase is pivotal for individuals who consume dairy products, as it enables the body to effectively utilize the nutrients contained within these foods.

Other options, while related to digestion or health, do not specify the precise and direct role of lactase. For instance, digesting fats pertains to enzymes like lipase, and promoting healthy gut flora involves various probiotics rather than specifically lactase. Ultimately, understanding the specific role of lactase highlights its importance in managing lactose intake and contributing to digestive health.